Lenane la ts'ebetso ea li-server tsa DNS tse fumanehang phatlalatsa le tsa mahala ka ho feletseng
SET ya hau e fana ka ditshebeletso tsa DNS hangata ha router kapa khomphuta ya hao e amahanya le Inthanete ka DHCP ... empa ha ho hlokahale hore o sebedise.
Ka tlaase ke li-server tsa DNS tse sa lefelloeng tseo u ka li sebelisang ho e-na le tse fuoeng, tse molemohali le tse ka tšeptjoang ka ho fetisisa, tse tsoang ho Google le OpenDNS, u ka li fumana ka tlase:
Bona Joang Nka Fetola Ditshebeletso tsa DNS? bakeng sa thuso. Thuso e eketsehileng e ka tlas'a tafole ena.
Ditshebeletso tsa mahala le tsa setjhaba DNS (e hlakileng ka April 2018)
| Mofani | Ditshebeletso tsa DNS tsa motheo | Sekala sa DNS se Sehloohong |
|---|---|---|
| Level3 1 | 209.244.0.3 | 209.244.0.4 |
| Verisign 2 | 64.6.64.6 | 64.6.65.6 |
| Google 3 | 8.8.8.8 | 8.8.4.4 |
| Quad9 4 | 9.9.9.9 | 149.112.112.112 |
| DNS.WATCH 5 | 84.200.69.80 | 84.200.70.40 |
| Dodo DNS e sireletsehileng | 8.26.56.26 | 8.20.247.20 |
| Lehae la OpenDNS 6 | 208.67.222.222 | 208.67.220.220 |
| Norton ConnectSafe 7 | 199.85.126.10 | 199.85.127.10 |
| GreenTeamDNS 8 | 81.218.119.11 | 209.88.198.133 |
| SafeDNS 9 | 195.46.39.39 | 195.46.39.40 |
| OpenNIC 10 | 69.195.152.204 | 23.94.60.240 |
| SmartViper | 208.76.50.50 | 208.76.51.51 |
| Dyn | 216.146.35.35 | 216.146.36.36 |
| FreeDNS 11 | 37.235.1.174 | 37.235.1.177 |
| Mokhoa o mong oa DNS 12 | 198.101.242.72 | 23.253.163.53 |
| Yandex.DNS 13 | 77.88.8.8 | 77.88.8.1 |
| E sa hlokomeloeDNS 14 | 91.239.100.100 | 89.233.43.71 |
| Leholiotsoana Motlakase 15 | 74.82.42.42 | |
| puntCAT 16 | 109.69.8.51 | |
| Neustar 17 | 156.154.70.1 | 156.154.71.1 |
| Cloudfare 18 | 1.1.1.1 | 1.0.0.1 |
| Fourth Estate 19 | 45.77.165.194 |
Tlhahiso: Leseva tsa DNS tsa motheo ka linako tse ling li bitsoa ditshebeletso tsa DNS le ditshebeletso tse dingwe tsa DNS ka linako tse ling li bitsoa ditshebeletso tsa DNS tse ling . Ditshebeletso tsa DNS tse ka sehloohong le tse ka sehloohong li ka 'na tsa tsoakana' me tsa tšoanelana 'ho fana ka tse ling tsa litekanyo tsa ts'ebetso.
Ka kakaretso, li-server tsa DNS li bitsoa mabitso a mefuta eohle, joaloka DNS server , li -server tsa DNS , li -server , li- DNS tsa IP , joalo-joalo.
Ke Hobane'ng ha U Sebelisa Litšebeletso Tse Fapaneng tsa DNS
Lebaka le leng leo u ka ratang ho fetola lisebelisoa tsa DNS tse fanoeng ke ISP ea hau ke haeba u belaela hore ho na le bothata ho bao u se sebelisang hona joale. Tsela e bonolo ea ho hlahloba bothata ba seva sa DNS ke ka ho thatafatsa aterese ea IP ea marang-rang ho sebapali. Haeba o ka fihla ho websaeteng ena ka IP address, empa eseng lebitso, joale seva sa DNS se ka 'na sa ba le mathata.
Lebaka le leng la ho fetola leseva tsa DNS ke hore o batla tšebeletso e ntlafatsang. Batho ba bangata ba tletleba ka hore basebetsi ba bona ba ISP-ba bolokiloeng ba DNS ba senyeha ebile ba kenya letsoho ho ba le boiphihlelo bo fokolang ba ho bapala.
Leha ho le joalo, lebaka le leng le tloaelehileng la ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa DNS ho tsoa moketeng oa boraro ke ho thibela ho loka ha mosebetsi oa hau oa websaete le ho thibela thibelo ea liwebsaete tse itseng.
Tsebang, leha ho le joalo, hore hase ditshebeletso tsohle tsa DNS qoba ho sebedisa sephethephethe. Haeba ke seo u seng u se latela, etsa bonnete ba hore u bala lintlha tsohle tse mabapi le seva ho tseba hore na ke seo u batlang ho se sebelisa.
Latela melaetsa e tafoleng e ka hodimo ho ithuta ho eketsehileng ka tšebeletso ka 'ngoe.
Qetellong, haeba ho ne ho e-na le pherekano leha e le efe, li-server tsa mahala tsa DNS ha li u fe monyetla oa ho fumana mahala. U sa ntsane u hloka se-ISP ho ikopanya ho fihlela u fumaneha - li-server tsa DNS li mpa li fetolela liaterese tsa IP le mabitso a marang-rang e le hore u khone ho fihlella mawebsaete ka lebitso le ka baloang ke motho ho e-na le aterese ea IP e thata-ho-hopola.
Basebelisi ba DNS ba DNS le ba bang ba SNS ba DNS ba khethehileng
Haeba, ka lehlakoreng le leng, u batla ho sebelisa li-server tsa DNS hore ISP ea hau e khethehileng, joaloka Verizon, AT & T, Comcast / XFINITY, joalo-joalo, e entse qeto ea hore e molemo ka ho fetisisa, ka nako eo u se ke ua beha likarete tsa DNS sebokeng ka letsoho feela ba abela ka auto .
Li-server tsa DNS tsa Verizon li atisa ho thathamisetsoa libakeng tse ling tse kang 4.2.2.1, 4.2.2.2, 4.2.2.3, 4.2.2.4, le / kapa 4.2.2.5, empa tseo e hlile e le mekhoa e meng ea li-server tsa Level 3 DNS tse bontšitsoeng tafoleng e ka holimo. Verizon, joaloka li-ISP tse ngata, e khetha ho lekanyetsa tsela ea bona ea sephethephethe sa seva sa DNS ka hare ho moo, li-assignment tse ikemetseng. Ka mohlala, sekala sa Deriere sa DNS se ka sehloohong se Atlanta, GA, se 68.238.120.12 'me se Chicago, ke 68.238.0.12.
Senyesemane se senyenyane
U se ke ua khathatseha, sena ke hantle ho hatisoa ha nyenyane!
Bongata ba bafani ba DNS ba thathamisitsoeng ka holimo ba na le mefuta e mengata ea litšebeletso (OpenDNS, Norton ConnectSafe, joalo-joalo), IPv6 DNS servers (Google, DNS.WATCH, joalo-joalo), le lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa sebaka seo u ka se khethang (OpenNIC).
Ha u sa hloka letho ho feta seo re se kenyelletseng tafoleng ka holimo, tlhahisoleseling ena ea bonus e ka ba ea bohlokoa ho ba bang ba hau, ho itšetlehile ka litlhoko tsa hau:
[1] Lesebelisoa tsa DNS tsa mahala tse thathamisitsoeng ka holimo e le Level3 li tla ea ka sekhukhu ho server ea DNS e haufi e sebetsanoang le Level3 Communications, khampani e fanang ka boholo ba li-ISPs ho US hore li fihlella ho internet backbone. Mefuta e meng e kenyeletsa 4.2.2.1, 4.2.2.2, 4.2.2.3, 4.2.2.4, 4.2.2.5, le 4.2.2.6. Leseva tsena hangata li fanoa e le li-server tsa Verizon DNS empa seo ha se taba ea sebele. Bona puisano e ka holimo.
[2] Verisign e re sena ka maseva a bona a DNS a sa lefelloeng: "Re ke ke ra rekisa data ea hau ea DNS phatlalatsa ho batho ba boraro kapa ra romella lipotso tsa hau ho u fa lipapatso." Verisign e fana ka li-server tsa IPNS tsa IPv6 hape: 2620: 74: 1b :: 1: 1 le 2620: 74: 1c :: 2: 2.
[3] Google e boetse e fana ka li-server tsa IPNS tsa IPv6: 2001: 4860: 4860 :: 8888 le 2001: 4860: 4860 :: 8844.
[4] Quad9 e sebelisa boitsebiso ba nako ea sebele mabapi le hore na liwebsaete li kotsi hakae ebile lia li thibela ka ho feletseng. Ha ho letho le hlalositsoeng - libaka tse ling tse nang le phishing , li na le malware , le libaka tse sebetsang ka katleho li tla thibeloa. Ha ho dintlha tsa botho tse bolokoang. Quad9 e boetse e na le seva se sireletsehileng sa IPv6 DNS ka 2620: fe :: fe. IPv4 ea phatlalatsa DNS e boetse e fumaneha ho tloha ho Quad9 ho 9.9.9.10 (2620: fe :: 10 bakeng sa IPv6) empa ha e buelle ho e sebelisa e le sebaka sa bobeli sa router kapa setupong sa khomphuta. Bona ho eketsehileng ho Quad9 FAQ.
[5] DNS.WATCH e boetse e na le lisebelisoa tsa IPv6 DNS ka 2001: 1608: 10: 25 :: 1c04: b12f le 2001: 1608: 10: 25 :: 9249: d69b. Lesebelisoa ka bobeli li teng Jeremane tse ka amang ts'ebetso haeba li sebelisoa ho tloha US kapa libakeng tse ling tse hōle.
[6] OpenDNS e boetse e fana ka lisebelisoa tsa DNS tse thibelang batho ba baholo, tse bitsoang OpenDNS FamilyShield. Ditshebeletso tsa DNS ke 208.67.222.123 le 208.67.220.123 (ho bontšitsoe mona). Nyehelo ea DNS ea pele e boetse e fumaneha, e bitsoang OpenDNS Home VIP.
[7] Lesebelisoa tsa DNS tse fumanehang ka Norton ConnectSafe tse thathamisitsoeng ka holimo ho libaka tsa marang-rang tse amohelang malware, mekhoa ea bootsoa, le litlhaselo, 'me e bitsoa Policy 1 . Sebelisa Leano la 2 (199.85.126.20 le 199.85.127.20) ho thibela libaka tseo hammoho le tse nang le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Sebelisa Leano la 3 (199.85.126.30 le 199.85.127.30) ho thibela likarolo tsohle tsa li-site tse boletsoeng pejana le "lintho tse kholo, tlōlo ea molao, lithethefatsi, papali ea chelete, pefo" le ho feta. Etsa bonnete ba hore o sheba lethathamo la lintho tse thibelitsoeng ho Ts'ebetsong ea 3 - ho na le lihlooho tse ngata tse nang le likhang tseo u ka li fumanang ka ho feletseng.
[8] GreenTeamDNS "e thibela liwebsaete tse likete tse kotsi tse kenyelletsang malware, li-botnets, litaba tse amanang le batho ba baholo, libaka tse mabifi le tse mabifi hammoho le lipapatso le li-website tse amanang le lithethefatsi" ho ea ka leqephe la bona la FAQ. Litlaleho tsa Premium li na le taolo e eketsehileng.
[9] Ngolisa mona le SafeDNS bakeng sa ho khetholla likarolo tse ngata libakeng tse 'maloa.
[10] Leseva tsa DNS tse thathamisitsoeng mona bakeng sa OpenNIC ke tse peli feela tse ngata ho US le ho pota lefatše lohle. Ho e-na le ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa OpenNIC DNS tse thathamisitsoeng ka holimo, bona lenane la bona le feletseng la li-server tsa DNS mona 'me u sebelise tse peli tse haufi le uena kapa, ho le joalo, li lumelle hore li u bolelle hore hang-hang mona. OpenNIC e boetse e fana ka li-server tsa IPNS tsa sechaba tsa IPv6.
[11] FreeDNS e re "ha ho mohla ba ngolang DNS lipotso." Litšebeletso tsa bona tsa mahala tsa DNS li teng Austria.
[12] DNS e 'ngoe e re li-server tsa DNS "li thibela lipapatso tse sa batleheng" le hore li kopanela "ha ho na ho reka ha lipotso." U ka saena mahala bakeng sa leqephe la ho ngolisa.
[13] Lesebelisoa tsa DNS tsa Yandex's Basic tsa mahala, tse thathamisitsoeng ka holimo, li fumaneha le IPv6 ho 2a02: 6b8 :: fepa: 0ff le 2a02: 6b8: 0: 1 :: fepa: 0ff. Libaka tse ling tse peli tsa mahala tsa DNS li fumaneha hape. Ea pele e sireletsehile , ka 77.88.8.88 le 77.88.8.2, kapa 2a02: 6b8 :: fepa: e mpe le 2a02: 6b8: 0: 1 :: fepa: e mpe, e thibelang "libaka tse nang le tšoaetso, libaka tsa bolotsana le bots." Ea bobeli ke Lelapa , ho 77.88.8.7 le 77.88.8.3, kapa 2a02: 6b8 :: fepa: a11 le 2a02: 6b8: 0: 1 :: fepa: a11, e thibelang ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e sireletsehileng , hammoho le "libaka tsa batho ba baholo le ba baholo papatso. "
[14] Tlhahlobo ea DNS e sa tsejoeng (eo pele e neng e le censurfridns.dk) Leseva tsa DNS li hlokomolohuoa ebile li sebelisoa ke motho ea lefelloeng ka boinotšing. Aterese ea 91.239.100.100 e tsoa ho libaka tse ngata ha 89.233.43.71 e le teng Copenhagen, Denmark. U ka bala ho eketsehileng ka bona mona. IPv6 liphetolelo tsa li-server tsa bona tse peli tsa DNS li fumaneha ka 2001: 67c: 28a4 :: le 2a01: 3a0: 53: 53 ::, ka ho latellana.
[15] Leholiotsoana Motlakase le boetse le na le seva sa phatlalatso sa DNS sa IPv6 se fumanehang: 2001: 470: 20 :: 2.
[16] PuntCAT e fumaneha haufi le Barcelona, Spain. Phetolelo ea IPv6 ea seva sa bona sa DNS sa mahala ke 2a00: 1508: 0: 4 :: 9.
[17] Neustar e na le dikgetho tse hlano tsa DNS. "Reliability & Performance 1" (tse thathamisitsoeng ka holimo) le "Ho tšepahala le Tshebetso 2" ho boleloa hore li hahiloe ho fana ka linako tse potlakileng tsa ho fihlella. "Tšireletso ea Tšireletso" (156.154.70.2, 156.154.71.2) e thibela malware, ransomware, spyware le liwebsaete tsa phishing. "Lelapa le sireletsehileng" le "Khoebo e sireletsehileng" ke tse ling tse peli tse thibelang marang-rang a nang le mefuta e itseng ea dikahare. Tšebeletso ka 'ngoe e boetse e fumaneha ho feta IPv6; bona leqephe lena bakeng sa li-adress tsohle tsa IPv4 le IPv6, hammoho le ho ithuta ho eketsehileng ka se thibeloang ke lits'ebeletso tse peli tse fetileng.
[18] Ho ea ka websaeteng ea Cloudfare, ba ile ba haha 1.1.1.1 hore e be basebetsi ba DNS ka potlako lefatšeng 'me ba ke ke ba ngolisa aterese ea hau ea IP, le ka mohla ba ke ke ba rekisa lintlha tsa hau,' me ba ke ke ba sebelisa data ea hau ho shebella lipapatso. Ba boetse ba na le li-server tsa DNS tsa sechaba tsa IPv6 tse fumanehang ka 2606: 4700: 4700 :: 1111 le 2606: 4700: 4700 :: 1001.
[19] Ho ea ka websaeteng ea Fourth Estate, "Ha re hlahlobe, rekotoe kapa re boloka lits'ebetso bakeng sa ketsahalo leha e le efe ea molekane a le mong 'me ha re fetole, ho tsamaisa kapa ho hlahloba litlaleho tsa DNS." Serera ea DNS e ka holimo e amoheloa United States. E boetse e na le e 'ngoe Switzerland ka 179.43.139.226' me e 'ngoe Japane e 45.32.36.36.