File File ke efe?

Tsela ea ho bula, ho fetola le ho fetola lifaele tsa PEM

Faele e nang le kakaretso ea faele ea PEM ke file ea Matšoao ea Li-Mail e ntlafalitsoeng ea boinotši e sebelisetsoang ho romella melaetsa e lekunutu. Motho ea fumanang imeile ena a ka kholiseha hore molaetsa ha o fetoloe nakong ea phepelo ea oona, ha o bontšoe ho mang kapa mang, mme o rometsoe ke motho ea ipolelang hore o mo rometse.

Mofuta oa PEM o hlahile ka lebaka la bothata ba ho romela ditaba tsa binary ka imeile. Mofuta oa PEM o kenyelletsa binary le base64 e le hore e be joaloka mohala oa ASCII.

Mofuta oa PEM o nkeloe sebaka ke theknoloji e ncha le e sireletsehileng haholoanyane empa sejana sa PEM se sa ntse se sebelisoa kajeno ho tšoara setifikeiti sa bolaoli, likhetho tsa sechaba le tsa botho, likoti tsa motso, joalo-joalo.

Tlhokomeliso: Lifaele tse ling ka fomong ea PEM li ka 'na tsa e-na le phapanyetsano e fapaneng ea lifilimi, joaloka CER kapa CRT bakeng sa likoti, kapa KEY bakeng sa likheo tsa sechaba kapa tsa botho.

Mokhoa oa ho bula Li-PEM Files

Mehato ea ho bula feme ea PEM e fapane ho itšetlehile ka kopo eo e e hlokang le tsamaiso ea tsamaiso eo u e sebelisang. Leha ho le joalo, u ka 'na ua hloka ho fetolela fomete ea hau ea PEM ho CER kapa CRT e le hore tse ling tsa mananeo ana a amohele faele.

Windows

Haeba o hloka faele ea CER kapa CRT moxelisi oa imeile oa Microsoft joaloka Outlook, e bule ho Internet Explorer hore e behoe ka boitsebiso boemong bo nepahetseng. Moemeli oa imeile a ka e sebelisa ho tloha moo.

E le hore u bone hore na ke lifaele tsa mangolo tseo u li romelletseng khomphuteng ea hau, le ho li kenya ka letsoho, sebelisa Internet Explorer's Tools menu ho fihlella Inthaneteng Options> Likahare> Likoti .

Ho kenya inthanete ea CER kapa CRT ho Windows, qala ka ho bula Microsoft Management Console ho tswa ho Run dialog box (sebelisa Windows Key + R keyboard ea ho kena ho kena mmc ). Ho tloha moo, ea ho Feta> Add / Tlosa Snap-in ... 'me u khethe Li-Certificate ho tloha ka lehlakoreng le letšehali, ebe o tlanya Add> bohareng ba fensetere. Khetha akhaonto ea k'homphieutha skrineng e latelang, ebe u feta ka wizard, u khetha k'homphieutha ea sebakeng seo ha u botsoa.

Hang ha "Li-Certificate" li laetsoe tlas'a "Motsoako oa Console," atolosa fenseho le ho tobetsa ka ho nepahetseng Melao ea Tumelo ea Root Certification , 'me u khethe Mesebetsi> Etsa ....

macOS

Khopolo e tšoanang ke 'nete bakeng sa moemeli oa hau oa imeile ea Mac joaloka sa Windows; Sebelisa Safari ho kenya feme ea PEM ho kena ho Keychain Access.

U ka boela ua kenya litifikeiti tsa SSL ho Files> Import Items ... menu ho Keychain Access. Khetha System ho tswa ho menu ea theoha mme u latele sebapali se hlahang.

Haeba mekhoa ena e sa sebetse ho kenya feme ea PEM ho macOS, u ka leka taelo e latelang:

tšireletso e kenyelle yourfile.pem -k ~ / Library / Keychains / login.keychain

Linux

Sebelisa taelo ena ea keytool ho sheba se ka hare ho file ea PEM ho Linux:

keytool -printcert -file yourfile.pem

Latela mehato ena haeba u batla ho kenya file ea CRT ka mokhoa oa tšireletso oa Linux o netefalitsoeng ka matla a bolaoli (sheba PEM ho CRT mokhoa oa ho fetolela karolong e latelang tlaase haeba u na le file ea PEM ho e-na le moo):

1. Etela ho / usr / share / ca-litifikeiti / .
2. Etsa folda moo (ka mohlala, sudo mkdir / usr / share / ca-tiiti / mosebetsi ).
3. Kopitsa faele ea .CRT ho folda eo e sa tsoa bōptjoa. Haeba u batla ho se etse ka letsoho, u ka sebelisa taelo ena ho e-na le hoo: sudo cp yourfile.crt /usr/share/ca-certificates/work/yourfile.crt .
4. Etsa bonnete ba hore litumello li behiloe ka nepo (755 bakeng sa folda le 644 bakeng sa faele).
5. Sebelisa taelo ea sudo update-ca-certificates taelo.

Firefox le Thunderbird

Haeba faele ea PEM e hloka ho kenngoa molamong oa imeile oa Mozilla joaloka Thunderbird, u ka 'na ua tlameha ho romela thepa ea PEM ho tswa ho Firefox pele. Bula menu ea Firefox ebe u khetha Lintlha. Eba Advanced> Li-Certificate> Sheba Li-Certificate> Li-Certificate tsa Hao 'me u khethe seo u se hlokang ho se romela, ebe u khetha Backup ....

Ebe, ka Thunderbird, bula menyetla mme o tobetsa kapa o tlanye Options . E-ea ho Advanced> Li-Certificate> Laola Likotiiti> Likoti tsa hau> Tlisa .... Ho tswa ho "Lebitso la fono:" karolo ea fensetere ea Import , khetha Li-Certificate Files ho tloha ho theoha fatše, ebe u fumana le ho bula file ea PEM.

Ho kenya fomete ea PEM ho Firefox, latela feela mehato e tšoanang eo u ka e romellang eona, empa khetha Khetha ... ho e-na le konopo ea Backup ....

Java KeyStore

Sheba lekhotla lena la ho phalla ka mocheso ho kena ka fomete ea PEM ho Java KeyStore (JKS) haeba u hloka ho etsa joalo. Ntho e 'ngoe e ka' nang ea sebetsa ke ho sebelisa sesebelisoa sena sa keyutil.

Mokhoa oa ho fetola PEM File

Ho fapana le mekhoa e mengata ea feshene e ka fetoloang ka sesebelisoa sa ho fetoloa ha file kapa websaeteng , o hloka ho kenya litaelo tse khethehileng khahlanong le lenaneo le itseng e le hore u fetole mofuta oa faele oa PEM ho mefuta e meng e mengata.

Fetola PEM ho PPK le PuTTYGen. Khetha Mojaro ho lehlakoreng le letona la lenaneo, beha mofuta oa faele e le hore u be lefeela (*. *), Ebe u sheba le ho bula feme ea hau ea PEM. Khetha Pholosa letona la poraefete ho etsa faele ea PPK.

Le OpenSSL (fumana version ea Windows mona), u ka fetolela fomete ea PEM ho PFX ka taelo e latelang:

openssl pkcs12 -inkey yourfile.pem -in yourfile.cert -export -out yourfile.pfx

Haeba u na le faele ea PEM e lokelang ho fetoloa ho CRT, joalo ka boemo ba Ubuntu, sebelisa taelo ena ka OpenSSL:

openssl x509 - ka yourfile.pem -tobetsa PEM -la yourfile.crt

OpenSSL e boetse e tšehetsa ho fetola .PEM ho .P12 (PKCS # 12, kapa Standard Standard Cryptography Standard # 12), empa kenya lebokose la "TXT" qetellong ea faele pele u ka sebelisa taelo ena:

openssl pkcs12 -export -inkey yourfile.pem.txt -in yourfile.pem.txt -out yourfile.p12

Sheba sehlopha sa ho phalla ka majoe ka holim'a ho sebelisa fomoro ea PEM e nang le Java KeyStore haeba u batla ho fetolela faele ho JKS, kapa thupelo ena ea Oracle ho kenya faele ka Java truststore.

Boitsebiso bo eketsehileng ka PEM

Sebopeho sa botšepehi ba dintlha tsa fomati ea Ts'ebetso ea Lengolo la Lengolo la Boinotši ea Boinotši se sebelisa melaetsa ea RSA-MD2 le RSA- MD5 ho bapisa molaetsa pele le ka mor'a hore o romeloe, ho netefatsa hore ha o e-s'o senyehe tseleng.

Qalong ea faele ea PEM ke hlooho e balang ----- BEGIN [letšoao] ----- , 'me qetello ea data ke leoto le tšoanang le lena: ----- END [lengolo] - ----. Karolo ea "[label]" e hlalosa molaetsa, ka hona e ka bala PRIVATE KEY, CERTIFICATE REQUEST, kapa CERTIFICATE .

Mohlala ke ona:

----- qala Private SEHLOOHO ----- MIICdgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmAwggJcAgEAAoGBAMLgD0kAKDb5cFyP jbwNfR5CtewdXC + kMXAWD8DLxiTTvhMW7qVnlwOm36mZlszHKvsRf05lT4pegiFM 9z2j1OlaN + ci / X7NU22TNN6crYSiN77FjYJP464j876ndSxyD + rzys386T + 1r1aZ aggEdkj1TsSsv1zWIYKlPIjlvhuxAgMBAAECgYA0aH + T2Vf3WOPv8KdkcJg6gCRe yJKXOWgWRcicx / CUzOEsTxmFIDPLxqAWA3k7v0B + 3vjGw5Y9lycV / 5XqXNoQI14j y09iNsumds13u5AKkGdTJnZhQ7UKdoVHfuP44ZdOv / rJ5 / VD6F4zWywpe90pcbK + AWDVtusgGQBSieEl1QJBAOyVrUG5l2yoUBtd2zr / kiGm / DYyXlIthQO / A3 / LngDW 5 / ydGxVsT7lAVOgCsoT + 0L4efTh90PjzW8LPQrPBWVMCQQDS3h / FtYYd5lfz + FNL 9CEe1F1w9l8P749uNUD0g317zv1tatIqVCsQWHfVHNdVvfQ + vSFw38OORO00Xqs9 1GJrAkBkoXXEkxCZoy4PteheO / 8IWWLGGr6L7di6MzFl1lIqwT6D8L9oaV2vynFT DnKop0pa09Unhjyw57KMNmSE2SUJAkEArloTEzpgRmCq4IK2 / NpCeGdHS5uqRlbh 1VIa / xGps7EWQl5Mn8swQDel / YP3WGHTjfx7pgSegQfkyaRtGpZ9OQJAa9Vumj8m JAAtI0Bnga8hgQx7BhTQY4CadDxyiRGOGYhwUzYVCqkb2sbVRH9HnwUaJT7cWBY3 RnJdHOMXWem7 / w Le == ----- BOFELO Private SEHLOOHO -----

Fomoro e le 'ngoe ea PEM e ka ba le mangolo a mangata, moo ho hlahang likarolo tsa "END" le "BEGIN" moahelani.

Na File ea Hao e sa Ntse e sa Bulehe?

Lebaka le leng leo ka lona faele ea hau e sa buleheng ka litsela tse hlalositsoeng ka holimo ke hore ha u sebetsane le file ea PEM. Mohlomong ho e-na le hoo u na le faele e sebelisang mokhoa o tšoanang oa li-spelled. Ha ho joalo, ha ho hlokahale hore lifaele tse peli li amanang le tsona kapa hore li sebetse le mananeo a tšoanang a mananeo.

Ka mohlala, PEF e sheba ntho e makatsang joaloka PEM empa e le ea mofuta oa Pentax Raw Image file format kapa Format Portable Embosser. Latela marang-rang ho bona kamoo u ka bulelang kapa ho fetola lifaele tsa PEF, haeba ke seo u hlileng u nang le sona.

Haeba u sebetsana le faele ea KEY, hlokomela hore hase lifahleho tsohle tse qetellang ho tsona. E FETILENG FETA LINKI EA E-MAIL KHETHO EA LINTHO TSE KOPITSOANG Li-setting tsa ho kena Ho e-na le hoo ba ka ba lifaele tsa Software License Key tse sebelisoang ha ho ngolisa mananeo a Software joaloka LightWave, kapa lifaele tsa Keynote Presentation tse entsoeng ke Apple Keynote.

Haeba u na le bonnete ba hore u na le faele ea PEM empa u na le mathata a e bulehileng kapa a e sebelisang, sheba Tlatsetso e eketsehileng ea tlhahisoleseding mabapi le ho iteanya le 'na marang-rang kapa melaetsa ea imeile, ho ngolisa liforomo tsa tšehetso ea theknoloji, le ho feta. E-re ke tsebe hore na ke mathata a mofuta ofe ao u nang le 'ona' me ke tla bona seo nka se etsang ho thusa.