E-Waste le All It Includes
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) e bolela Electronic Waste e le "lihlahisoa tsa elektronike tse lahleheloang ke bareki."
Seo ke ntho e sa utloahaleng, kahoo nahana ka E-Waste joaloka phetolelo ea elektronike ea seo u ka se fumanang ka khoneng ea kichine. Ke feela lesila le chefo.
Sehlooho sena se tla lebisa tlhokomelo ho Sesebelisoa sa Elektronike le kamoo se sebetsang kateng lithelevisheneng. E-Waste, leha ho le joalo, e sebetsa le mefuta e latelang ea elektronike ho ea ka EPA:
- Lisebelisoa tsa k'homphieutha
- Lik'homphieutha le lisebelisoa tsa k'homphieutha
- Thepa ea mohala le ea stereo
- Li-VCR le libapali tsa DVD
- Lik'hamera tsa video
- Linefouno, liselefouno tsa cellular, le lisebelisoa tse ling tse se nang theko
- Mechine ea fax le kopi
- Lipapali tsa papali ea video
E-Waste e Etsa'ng?
E-Waste ke ho lahla lihlahisoa tsa elektronike. Ho lahleheloa ke lintho tse mpe ho ama bophelo ba batho le bophelo ba tikoloho hobane boholo ba lihlahisoa tsena li na le lintho tse chefo.
Ho lahleheloa ke lintho tse mpe ho ka 'na ha lahla TV ea hau ea khale ea analog tšimong ka ntlo ea hau, mokolotong oa mapolanka, ho paka lipalangoang kapa moetsi oa ho tsosolosa o sa e romelle ka ntle ho naha ka ntle ho naha. Senotlolo sa ho hopola ke hore ho lahla ho sa lokelang ho ka baka tšusumetso e kotsi e amang ntlo ea hau.
Tšusumetso ea E-Waste mabapi le lithelevishene tse hlahisitsoeng ke phetoho ea digital ka lebaka la batho ba bangata le likhoebo tse ileng tsa nkela litšoantšo tsa Analog sebaka sebaka ka mehlala ea digital.
Lik'hemik'hale tse kotsi Litabeng tsa Thelevishene
Lithelevishene li na le lisebelisoa, mercury, cadmium le brominated flame retardants. Ho ea ka EPA, "lisebelisoa tsena li kenyelelitsoe lihlahisoa bakeng sa litšobotsi tsa bohlokoa tsa tshebetso, empa li ka baka mathata haeba lihlahisoa li sa tsamaisoe hantle qetellong ea bophelo."
- Moeta-pele ke ntho e ka sehloohong ea ho tšoenyeha ka lebaka la li-TV tsohle tsa analog tse nkeloang sebaka ka lebaka la TV ea digital. E fumanoa haholo-holo ka li-TV tsa cathode ray (CRT), tseo ka tloaelo li nang le tsona ho tloha liponeng tse 'nè ho isa ho tse robeli tsa motsoako, o fumanoang ka har'a tube.
- Moeta-pele o chefo haholo ho batho, haholo-holo bana. Mabapi le lithelevishene tsa analog, Lefapha la Boitsebiso la Basebetsi ba Georgia le bolela hore ngoana ea pepesehileng "a ka 'na a hlaseloa ke mali, ho kula ho matla, ho fokola ha mesifa le ho senya boko. Maemo a tlaase a sefate a ka boela a ama kholo ea kelello le ea 'mele. "
- Motlakase ha o tsoele pele ho thermometers hobane o boetse o fumanoa lithabeng tsa marang-rang. Lebaka ke hore mabone a mang a sebelisitsoeng ke mercury, e leng "chefo e tlaase haholo, 'me e baka tšenyo ea boko le liphio" ho ea ka Take Back My TV.
- Leseli litepeng tse sephara li ntlafalitsoe ka ho hlahisa lebone la cathode fluorescent (CCFLs) le khanya ea emitting e khanyang (LED), e sa sebeliseng mercury.
- Cadmium e fumanoa ka ho apara phosphor e kenang ka har'a li-CRT tse ngata. EPA e qalile ho laola cadmium ka 1974 ka Molao oa Senole sa Metsi.
- Ke ntho e ka 'nang ea e-ba kotsi bakeng sa bophelo bo botle ba nako e telele. EPA e re cadmium e ka baka liphio, sebete, lesapo le tšenyo ea mali haeba li pepesitsoe ka maemo a phahameng ka nako e telele.
- Cadmium e ka phunyeletsa mohloli oa rona oa lijo ka ho fetela melaong ea mobu le ho kenngoa meroho e makhasi, lijalo tsa motsoako, lijo-thollo le lijo-thollo, ho ea ka Setsi sa Toxic Substances le Registry Registry.
- Li-flamated flame retardants (BFRs) li tsejoa hore li baka tšenyo ea hormone le mekhoa ea ho ikatisa. Li fumanoa liplasitiki, joaloka liketsahalo tse sireletsang, lipolanka tsa potoloho, le lisebelisoa tse nang le morero oa ho sireletsa mollo.
- SivTC Valley Toxics Coalition (SVTC) e tlaleha hore BFRs "e fokotsa tlhokomelo, thuto, mohopolo le boitšoaro libakeng tsa laboratori." SVTC e re li-BFR li fumanoe ka liphoofolo tsa nama, tlhapi le mahe a linonyana hammoho le lebese la motho, serum le adipose lisele.
Mathata a bophelo bo botle ba li-TV tse lahliloeng
Lefapha la Georgia la Lefapha la Basebetsi, Lefapha la Bophelo bo Botle ba Sechaba le ile la fana ka polelo e khothaletsang ho tsosolosa le ho tsosolosa lithelevishene tsa analog ka lebaka la phetoho ea digital.
Mantsoeng ana, Dr. Sandra Elizabeth Ford, eo e neng e le motsamaisi ea sebetsanang le Lefapha la Bophelo ba Sechaba, o re, "Re khothalletsa baahi ho ts'oara kapa ho sebelisa lithelevishene tsa bona tse ngata ha boholo ba lihlopha tsena li tla fela licheleteng tsa matlo le moo ba ka khonang e ka silafatsang mobu le metsi a fatše. "
Taba ena ea bophelo bo botle ha e felle feela ho Georgia.
Ho ea ka Electronics TakeBack Coalition, linaha tse leshome le metso e 'meli le New York City li lahlile melao ea thibelo mabapi le lithelevishene. Ka tlase lethathamo la linaha tsena hammoho le letsatsi leo le sebelisitsoeng ka lona:
- Arkansas - January 2008
- California - February 2006
- Connecticut - January 2011
- Maine - July 2006
- Massachusetts - April 2000
- Minnesota - July 2006
- New Jersey - January 2010
- New Hampshire -July 2007
- New York City - July 2010
- North Carolina - January 2012
- Oregone - January 2010
- Rhode Island - July 2008
Ho ikarabella le ho tiisa molao
Ofisi ea Boikarabello ea 'Muso (GAO) e buile le basebelisi ba elektronike bakeng sa ho pheta-pheta lintho tse amehang tlalehong ea August 2008 e nang le sehlooho se reng "EPA e Hlokahala ho Laola Lintho Tse Molemo Lintho Tse Senyang Lits'ebeletso tsa US ka ho Tiisa ka Matla le Molao-motheo o Eketsehileng."
GAO e boletse ho tšoenyeha ka lik'hamphani tsa Amerika tsa ho tsosolosa ka tsela e sa lumelloeng ka molao ka li-elektronike tsa khale linaheng tse tsoelang pele hore li robehe, e leng bothata hobane linaha tsena li na le "mekhoa e tsitsitseng ea ho tsosolosa."
Ka lebaka leo, GAO e khothalletsa hore EPA e qale ho tiisa melao le ho eketsa "matla a ho laola a ho tsamaisa thepa ea lisebelisoa tse ling tsa motlakase tse ka sebelisoang kotsi."
Moo U ka Fetang TV ea hau
Ho tla ba monate haeba khoebo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e tšepisang ho khutlisa TV ka boikarabelo e latela molao, empa ha ho joalo.
Metsotso e 60 ea November 2008, e nang le sehlooho se reng, "Molemo oa Elektronike" o ile oa pepesa ho tsamaisoa ha likoloi tsa CRT ho tloha Denmark ho ea Chaena, e leng se ileng sa fella ka toropo moo batho le liphoofolo ba neng ba lula ka har'a sludge e chefo. Video: Molemo oa Elektronike
E ka 'na eaba websaete e ntle ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa ho fumana mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa ho tsosolosa ke EPA's eCycling website, e thathamisang mananeo a ts'ebetsong le a se nang phaello a amang indasteri ea bareki.