Ho sa tsotellehe tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea thelefono, mekhoa e mengata ea lik'homphieutha lekholong la bo21 la lilemo e ntse e itšetlehile ka lisebelisoa e le mokhoa oa sebele bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ho fetisetsa dintlha Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa e tloaelehileng ea lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang , e leng e' ngoe le e '
Coaxial Cables
E ile ea kenngoa lilemong tsa bo-1880, "coax" e ne e tsejoa ka ho fetisisa e le mofuta oa mohala o neng o amana le lithelevishene ho li-antenna tsa lapeng. Coaxial cable e boetse e le tekanyo ea lik'hamera tsa Ethernet tse 10 tsa Mbps . Ha Ethernet ea 10 Mbps e ne e ratoa ka ho fetisisa, lilemong tsa bo-1980 le mathoasong a bo-1990, marang-rang a sebelisoa ka mefuta e 'meli ea khalase ea coax - thinnet (standard 10BASE2) kapa thicknet (10BASE5). Likhoele tsena li na le terata ea ka hare ea koporo ea boima bo sa tšoaneng bo pota-potiloeng ke ho patala le ho thibela e 'ngoe. Ho thatafala ha bona ho entse hore baokameli ba marang-rang ba be le bothata ba ho kenya le ho boloka thinnet le thicknet.
Litsebelisoa tsa Pair tse sothehileng
Lekhotla le nang le botsitso le ile la qetella le hlahile lilemong tsa bo-1990 e le tekanyo e ka sehloohong ea khabiso ea Ethernet , ho qala ka 10 Mbps ( 10BASE-T , e tsejoang hape e le Sehlopha sa 3 kapa Cat3 ), hamorao e lateloa liphetolelo tse 100 Mbps (100BASE-TX, Cat5 le Cat5e) ) le lebelo le phahameng ho fihlela ho 10 Gbps (10GBASE-T). Likhoele tse peli tse sothehileng tsa Ethernet li na le likhoele tse robeli (8) tse pota hammoho ka bobeli ho fokotsa tšitiso ea motlakase.
Mefuta e 'meli e meholo ea mekhoa ea indasteri ea litšepe tse sothehileng e' nile ea hlalosoa: Lefatše le se nang tšebeliso e sa sebelisoang (UTP) le Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) . Mekhoa ea kajeno ea Ethernet e sebelisa thepa ea UTP ka lebaka la litšenyehelo tsa eona tse tlaase, ha mohaho oa STP o ka fumanoa mefuteng e meng ea marang-rang joaloka Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) .
Fiber Optics
Ho e-na le ho tsuba lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tse fetisetsang matšoao a motlakase, lisebelisoa tsa fiber optic network li sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa khalase le likhahla tsa khanya. Ts'ebetso tsena tsa marang-rang lia khoneha ho sa tsotellehe hore li entsoe ka khalase. Li bonts'itse ka ho khetheha libakeng tse ngata tsa marang-rang (WAN) moo ho khonehang sebaka se selelele sa ka tlas'a lefatse kapa ka ntle ho mocheso le ka mehaho ea ofisi moo ho nang le lebelo le phahameng la puisano le tloaelehileng.
Mefuta e 'meli e meholo ea lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa lik'hamera tsa fiber e hlalosoa - mokhoa o le mong (100BaseBX standard) le multimode (100BaseSX standard). Mekhoa ea puisano ea nako e telele e atisa ho sebelisa mokhoa o le mong oa matla a motlakase , ha marang-rang a sebaka sena a sebelisa multimode ho e-na le litšenyehelo tsa oona tse tlaase.
Lisebelisoa tsa USB
Boholo ba litsamaiso tsa Universal Serial Bus (USB) li hokahanya k'homphieutha e nang le sesebelisoa sa ponahalo (keyboard kapa mouse) ho e-na le khomphutha e 'ngoe. Leha ho le joalo, li-adapter tse khethehileng tsa marang-rang (tseo ka linako tse ling li bitsoang dongles ) li boetse li lumella ho hokahanya thapo ea Ethernet leboteng la USB ka tsela e sa tobang. Lisebelisoa tsa USB li na le mohala o khelohileng oa bobeli.
Lisebelisoa tsa Serial le Parallel
Hobane li-PC tse ngata lilemong tsa bo-1980 le mathoasong a lilemo tsa 1990 li ne li se na bokhoni ba Ethernet, 'me USB e ne e e-s'o nts'etsoe pele, li-serial le parallel interfaces (tse seng li sa sebelisoe lik'homphieutheng tsa morao-rao) li ne li sebelisoa ka linako tse ling bakeng sa li-network tsa PC-to-PC. Seo ho thoeng ke mekhoa ea mohlala ea mohlala , ka mohlala, o kopantsitse lipalangoang tsa likarolo tsa PC tse peli tse nolofalletsang hore data e fetisoe ka potlako pakeng tsa 0,115 le 0.45 Mbps.
Likhoele tsa Crossover
Mekhoa e mebe ea modem ke mohlala o le mong oa sehlopha sa likhoele tsa crossover . Lefapha la crossover le kopanya lisebelisoa tse peli tsa marang-rang tsa mofuta o tšoanang, tse kang li-PC tse peli kapa li -switches tse peli.
Tšebeliso ea likhoele tsa crossover tsa Ethernet e ne e tloaelehile ka ho fetisisa marangeteng a maholo a lehae lilemong tse fetileng ha o kopanya li-PC tse peli ka ho toba. Ka ntle, mekhoa ea Ethernet crossover e bonahala e lekana le e tloaelehileng (ka linako tse ling hape e bitsoa ka ho toba ), phapang e bonahalang feela e le taelo ea mehala e khethiloeng ka mebala e hlahang qetellong ea mochine. Bahlahisi ba sebelisa mekhoa e khethehileng ea ho khetholla lisebelisoa tsa bona tsa crossover ka lebaka lena. Leha ho le joalo, mehleng ena, marang-rang a mangata a marang-rang a sebelisa li-routers tse nang le bokhoni ba ho etsa li-crossover, ho felisa tlhokahalo ea lisebelisoa tsena tse khethehileng.
Mefuta e meng ea Cables Network
Litsebi tse ling tsa marang-rang li sebelisa lentsoe " patch cable" ho bua ka mofuta leha e le ofe oa mocheso oa marang-rang o otlolohileng o sebelisoang ka nakoana. Coax, para e sothehileng le mefuta ea fiber ea lisebelisoa tsohle li teng. Ba na le litšobotsi tse tšoanang le tsa mefuta e meng ea mehala ea marang-rang ntle le hore lisebelisoa tsa patch li atisa ho ba bolelele ba nako e khutšoanyane.
Mekhoa ea inthanete ea Powerline e sebelisa mohala o tloaelehileng oa motlakase bakeng sa puisano ea data ho sebelisa li-adapter tse khethehileng tse kenngoang maboteng.