Li-capacitors ke e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa elektronike' me li fumaneha ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea capacitors. Mofuta o mong le o mong oa mochine o nang le litšoaneleho le lisebelisoa tse etsang hore li loketse merero e itseng, libaka le lihlahisoa. Ba-Capacitor ba tloaetse ho aroloa ka mokhoa oa bona oa boitsebiso le thepa ea dielectric e sebelisetsoang mochine. Mofuta o mong le o mong oa mochine o na le phapang e khōlō mefuteng e tloaelehileng le e fumanehang bakeng sa ho mamelloa ha matla a matšoafo, tekanyo ea motlakase, botsitso ba mocheso, ts'ebetso e lekanang le ho hanyetsa (ESR), boholo le botšepehi bo amang tsela eo ba itšoarang ka eona lefatšeng la sebele . Ho se tšoane hona ho na le tšusumetso ho khetho ea lik'hemik'hale, ho etsa hore ba bang ba nang le matla a maholo ba khone ho etsa liketso tse ling le mohloli oa khathatso ho ba bang.
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Lisebelisoa tsa filimi ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e tloaelehileng ea capacitors. Li-capacitors tsa filimi li kenyeletsa lelapa le leholo la capacitor le phapang e khōlō e leng thepa ea dielectric e sebelisitsoeng. Lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tse sebelisoang li akarelletsa polyester (mylar), polystyrene, polypropylene polycarbonate, pampiri e nang le methapo le Teflon. Li-capacitor tsa filimi li fumaneha ka litekanyetso ho tloha ho pF (picoFarads) ho fihlela ho 100 ea uF (microFarads). Li-capacitor tse phahameng tsa voltage li boetse li fumaneha, ka litekanyo tsa motlakase tse fetang 500 volts. Molemo oa li-capacitors tsa filimi, haholo-holo li-capacitors tsa filimi tse sebelisang lifilimi tsa polasetiki, li phela nako e telele le litekanyetso tse tsitsitseng tsa bokhoni.
Li-capacitor tsa filimi li fumaneha ka boholo ba liphutheloana le liforomo. Lintho tse tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa likhalase tsa filimi ke li-cylindrical, oval, round, and rectangular le mabaka a mangata a fomule a fumaneha ka tataiso ea axial le radial.
Electrolytic Capacitors
Likhalase tsa elektrolytic li na le tse ling tsa litekanyetso tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa li-capacitor. Lisebelisoa tsa electrolytic li hahiloe ka lifilimi tse nyenyane tsa tšepe le motsoako oa electrolytic semi-liquid. Ho fetoha ha maemo a lisebelisoa tsena ho ba nolofalletsa hore ba phutholohe 'me ba fane ka sebaka se seholo sa metsi' me kahoo ba thuse ho theha bokhoni bo boholo. Kaha tharollo ea electrolytic e tsamaisa ebile e sebelisoa e le motlakase oa bobeli ka motlakase oa electrolytic, sekhahla se tšesaane sa dielectric oxide se hōlileng ka filimi ea tšepe, ho thibela filimi ea tšepe hore e se ke ea e-ba le tharollo ea motsoako oa electrolytic. Filimi ea dielectric e tšesaane haholo e eketsang haholo bokhoni ba electrolytic capacitor.
Electrolytic capacitors li na le meeli e mengata ea bohlokoa, polarization le voltage ratings. Ho fokotseha ha li-electrolytic capacitors ke hore boholo ba tsona bo fetisetsoa 'me tlhokomelo e tlameha ho nkoa e le ho netefatsa hore e sebelisitsoe hantle. Ho beha mochine oa electrolytic ka morao ho tla fella ka timetso e potlakileng ea capacitor, hangata ka mabifi le monyetla oa ho baka tšenyo ho eng kapa eng e haufi. Lisebelisoa tsohle tsa polasetiki tsa electrolytic li na le pontšo e mpe e bontšang hore na ke efe e lokelang ho bolokoa ka matla a tlase a motlakase. Tlhōrō ea motlakase ea boholo ba electrolytic capacitors e tlaase, empa e ka fumanoa ka litebelisoa tsa motlakase ho fihlela makholo a 'maloa a volts.
Mefuta e 'meli e tloaelehileng haholo ea electrolytic capacitors ke aluminium electrolytic capacitors le tantalum capacitors. Tantalum capacitors e fapana le tse ngata tsa electrolytic capacitors ka hore li shebahala joaloka likhalase tsa ceramic. Ho fapana le li-capacitor tsa ceramic, tantalum capacitors li polarized. Leha ho le joalo, tantalum capacitors li na le matla a mangata bakeng sa polarities e fetoletsoeng ho feta aluminium electrolytic capacitors 'me ka linako tse ling li behoa lihlopha tse nang le li-terminals tse mpe tse kopantsoeng ho theha tantalum capacitor "e sa polarized". Tantalum capacitors e nyane haholo ho feta aluminium electrolytic capacitors mme e na le maqhubu a tlaase a phomolo e etsang hore e be khetho e ntle bakeng sa ho thibela li-signal tse ngata, ka ho fetisa, ho theola, ho hlakola le ho sebelisa nako.
Ceramic Capacitors
Lisebelisoa tsa ceramic ke tse ling tsa li-capacitor tse tloaelehileng tse sebelisoang, haholo-holo ho sebedisa mapolanka a holim'a metsi. Li entsoe ka ho roala disc kapa plate ka ceramic le ho kopanya tse 'maloa hammoho. The ceramic e sebelisitsoeng e na le nako e phahameng ka ho fetisisa dielectric, e leng se lumellang capacitors ea ceramic hore e be le boima bo phahameng ba bokgoni ka boholo bo boholo. Ho fapana le lik'hemik'hale tsa electrolytic, li-capacitor tsa ceramic ha li polarized empa bokhoni ba tsona bo feta ka tsela e sa fetoheng ha maemo a bona a mocheso a fetoha. Bakeng sa mabaka ana, capacitor ea ceramic e atisa ho sebelisoa e le ho fokotsa kapa ho pholletsa le li-capacitor. Lisebelisoa tsa ceramic li fumaneha ka litekanyetso ho tloha ho pF tse fokolang ho ea ho tse ling tse fapaneng 'me li na le litekanyo tsa mahlaseli ho tloha ho li-volts tse seng kae ho ea ho likete tse likete tsa volts.
Mefuta e meng ea bahlahlobi
Mefuta e mengata e khethehileng ea capacitor e fumaneha bakeng sa likopo tse khethehileng tse khethehileng. Litebelisi tsa mochine kapa li-variable li na le li-capacitor tse nang le matla a ho feto-fetoha 'me li na le thuso bakeng sa ho hlophisa hantle kapa matšeliso potolohong. Ultra capacitors ke li-capacitors tse nang le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa bokhoni, hangata li nang le bokhoni ho feta tekanyo e le 'ngoe. Hangata li na le matla a fokolang empa li boloka matla a lekaneng bakeng sa ho kenya libaktheri libakeng tse itseng.