Hlahloba seo u lokelang ho se tseba ka HDMI ho tloha version 1.0 ho ea ho 2.1.
HDMI e emisa sebopeho sa High Definition Multimedia. HDMI ke litekanyetso tse lumellanang tsa ho lumellana tse sebelisetsoang ho fetisetsa video le molumo ka digitally ho tloha mohloling ho isa ho sesebelisoa se bontšang video kapa likarolo tse ling tse lumellanang.
HDMI e boetse e na le litokisetso tsa taolo ea mantlha ea liphallelo tse ngata tsa HDMI (CEC) , hammoho le ho kenngoa ha HDCP (High-bandwidth Digital Copy Protection) , e lumellang bafani ba litaba hore ba thibele litaba tsa bona ho se kopitsoe ka molao.
Lisebelisoa tse ka kenyang khomo ea HDMI li kenyelletsa:
- HD le TV ea HD HD, livideo le li-PC, le li-projection tsa video
- Batho ba amohelang thepa ea lapeng, Home-Theatre-in-box-Systems, le Soundbars
- Upscaling DVD, Blu-ray, le Ultra HD Players Blu-ray
- Media Streamers le Network Media Players
- HD Cable le li-Boxes tsa Satellite
- DVD Recorder le DVD Recorder / VCR combos (bakeng sa ho bapala feela - u ke ke ua sebelisa HDMI ka mohloli oa ho rekota).
- Smartphones (hammoho le MHL ).
- Lik'hamera le li-Camcorders
E & # 39; s All About The Versions
Ho na le liphetolelo tse 'maloa tsa HDMI tse sebelisitsoeng ho feta lilemo. Ketsahalong e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, motsoako oa sebele o ts'oana, empa bokhoni bo fetohile. Ho itšetlehile ka ha u rekile motsoako o lumellehang HDMI, o khetha hore na phetolelo ea HDMI mochine oa hau o ka ba le eng. Phetolelo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e latellanang ea HDMI e khutlela morao e lumellane le liphetolelo tse fetileng, u ke keng ua khona ho fumana likarolo tsohle tsa liphetolelo tse ncha.
Ka tlase mona lethathamo la liphetolelo tsohle tsa HDMI tse sebelisoang tse thathamisitsoeng ho tloha hona joale ho ea pele. Leha ho le joalo, ke habohlokoa hore u hlokomele hore ha ho lisebelisoa tsohle tsa thepa ea lapeng tse nkoang e le tse lumellanang le phetoho e itseng ea HDMI e tla fana ka litšobotsi tseo ka boomo. Moetsi e mong le e mong a ka khetha-le-a khetha lintho tse hlahang ho khethollo ea HDMI eo ae batlang ho kenyelletsa lihlahisoa tsa bona.
HDMI 2.1
Ka January 2017, tlhahiso ea HDMI Version 2.1 e phatlalalitsoe empa ha ea ka ea fumaneha bakeng sa ho fana ka tumello ea molao le ts'ebetsong ho fihlela ka November 2017. Lintho tse kenyeletsang HDMI 2.1 li tla fumaneha ho qala ka 2018.
HDMI 2.1 e tšehetsa lintlha tse latelang:
- Qeto ea Video le Frame Rate Support: 4K 50/60 (fps), 4K 100/120, 5K 50/60, 5K 100/120, 8K 50/60, 8K 100/120 , 10K 50/60, 10K 100/120.
- Tšehetso ea mebala: Botle bo boholo ba Gamut (BT2020), ho 10, 12, le 16 Bits.
- Tšehetso ea HDR e atolositsoeng: Le hoja Dolby Vision, HDR10 le Hybrid Log Gamma li se li lumellane le HDMI 2.0a / b, HDMI 2.1 li tla tšehetsa mefuta leha e le efe e tlang ea HDR e ke keng ea tšehetsoa ke HDMI ver 2.0a / b.
- Tšehetso ea Audio: Feela joaloka HDMI 2.0 le 2.0a, litšoantšo tsohle tse potolohileng li sebelisoa lia lumellana.
- Tšehetso ea Gaming: VRR (Variable Refresh Rate) e tšehetsoa. Sena se nolofalletsa motsoako oa 3D oa litšoantšo hore o bontše setšoantšo ka nako eo e fetisetsoang - ho lumella lipapali tse ling tse ngata tsa mokelikeli le tse hlalosang hantle, tse kenyelletsoang ho fokotsa kapa ho felisoa ha lesela, stutter le ho senya setšoantšo.
- Tšehetso ea Cable: 48Gps - e le hore u fumane boitsebiso bo feletseng ba lisebelisoa tse amohelehang tsa HDMI ver 2.1, cable ea HDMI e tšehetsang tekanyo ea ho fetisetsa 48Gps e hlokahalang.
HDMI 2.0b
E hlahisoa ka March 2016, HDMI 2.0b e tšehetsa tšehetso ea HDR ho Hybrid Log Gamma format, e reretsoeng ho e sebelisa lipapaling tse tlang tsa 4K Ultra HD TV, tse kang ATSC 3.0 .
HDMI 2.0a
E hlahisoa ka April 2015, HDMI 2.0a e tšehetsa tse latelang:
E eketsa tšehetso ea theknoloji ea HDR (High Dynamic Range), e kang HDR10 le Dolby Vision .
Seo se bolelang bareki ke hore 4K Ultra HD TV e kenyeletsang theknoloji ea HDR e khona ho bontša mebala e khanyang le e fapaneng (e leng eona e etsang hore mebala e shebahale e le ea sebele) ho feta 4K Ultra HD TV.
Ho sebelisa monyetla oa HDR, dikahare li tlameha ho kenngoa ka methapo e hlokahalang ea HDR. Metsadata ena, haeba e tsoa mohloling o kantle, e lokela ho fetisetsoa TV ho ea ka khokahanyo e tsamaisanang le HDMI. Lintlha tse kentsoeng ka HDR li fumaneha ka mokhoa oa Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc le ho fana ka bafani ba phallela.
HDMI 2.0
E hlahisoa ka September 2013, HDMI 2.0 e fana ka se latelang:
- Ho eketsa ho lumellana ha 4K (2160p) ea HDMI 1.4 / 1.4a ho amohela likhau tsa 50Hz kapa 60Hz (tekanyo e ka holimo ea 18 Gbps ea ho fetisa le 'mala oa 8-bit).
- E ka amohela mekhoa e ka bang 32 ea nako e le 'ngoe ea molumo e ka tšehetsang liforomo tse potolohileng-tse kang Dolby Atmos , DTS: X , le Auro 3D Audio
- Bokhoni ba ho romela melaetsa e mabeli ea video e ikemetseng bakeng sa ho shebella skrineng e le 'ngoe.
- Bokhoni ba ho romela melaetsa e mene e fapaneng ea melumo ho bamameli ba bangata.
- Tšehetso bakeng sa letsoalloa 21: 9 (2.35: 1) sebopeho sa boleng .
- Ho lumellana ka matla ho lipapatso tsa video le mameloana.
- Ho eketsa bokhoni ba HDMI-CEC.
- Ntlafatso ea tšireletso ea kopi ea HDCP e bitsoa HDCP 2.2.
HDMI 1.4
E hlahisoa ka May 2009, HDMI version 1.4 e tšehetsa tse latelang:
- Seterateng sa Ethernet sa HDMI: Sena se eketsa marang-rang le marang-rang a marang-rang ho HDMI. Ka mantsoe a mang, mesebetsi ea bobeli ea Ethernet le HDMI e fumaneha ka har'a lehare le le leng.
- Audio Return Channel : Ena e ka ba eona e sebetsang ka ho fetisisa ea HDMI 1.4. Seo karolo ena e fanang ka sona ke khanya e le 'ngoe ea HDMI pakeng tsa TV le mochine oa thepa ea lehae o sitoang feela ho fetisa lipontšo tsa mohala / video ho tloha ho motho ea amohelang ho ea ho TV empa hape o fetisa molumo o tsoang mochine oa TV ho ea mo amohelang. Ka mantsoe a mang, ha u mametse molumo o fihletsoeng ke sesebelisoa sa thelevishene, ha ho hlokahale hore u se ke ua kopana le melaetsa e fapaneng ea molumo ho tloha TV ho ea ho amoheloa holong ea lehae.
- 3D Ho feta HDMI: HDMI 1.4 e etselitsoe ho boloka litekanyetso tsa 3D Blu-ray Disc , ka matla a ho fetisa matšoao a mabeli a 1080p ka nako e le 'ngoe a sebelisa khokahano e le' ngoe. TLHOMO: Tlhahlobo (HDMI 1.4a) e boetse e kenyelletsa tšehetso e eketsehileng bakeng sa liforomo tsa 3D tse ka sebelisoang liphatlalatso tsa TV, Cable, le Satellite feeds.
- Tšehetso ea 4Kx2K Tšehetso: HDMI 1.4 e ka amohela tharollo ea 4K ka tekanyo ea foreimi ea 30hz.
- Tšebeliso ea Matla a Eketsehileng Bakeng sa Lik'hamera Tsa Digital: Sena se lumella ho hlahisa mebala e ntle ha u bontša li-digital li ntse li le lifoto ho tloha ho HDMI tse amanang le Digital Still Cameras.
- Mohokahanyi oa MicroMMI: Le hoja motlakase oa mini-HDMI o ile oa hlahisoa ka mantsoe a mararo a 1.3, ha lisebelisoa li tsoela pele ho fokolloa, "MicroMMMI" e ile ea hlahisoa hore e sebelisoe esita le lisebelisoa tse nyenyane tse kang li-smartphone, Micro-connector e tšehetsa ho fihlela ho fihlela ho 1080p .
- Sesebelisoa sa motlakase oa koloi: Ka ho eketseha ha lisebelisoa tsa elektronike le livideo tsa inthanete, HDMI 1.4 e ka sebetsana le ho thothomela ho matla, mocheso le lerata tse ka amang boleng ba ho hlahisa li-audio le video.
HDMI 1.3 / HDMI 1.3a
E hlahisitsoe ka June 2006, HDMI 1.3 e tšehetsa tse latelang:
- Lebitso la li-bandwidth le lebelo la ho fetisa: Ho lumellana le ho kenyelletsa Blu-ray Disc le HD-DVD, version 1.3 e kenyelelitse tšehetso e mengata ea 'mala le tšehetso e potlakileng ea data (ho fihlela ho 10.2Gbps).
- Tšehetso e atolositsoeng ea ts'ebetso e fanoa bakeng sa liqeto tse fetang 1080p empa tlase ho 4K.
- Tšehetso ea Senyesemane e atolositsoeng: Ho tsoela pele ho tšehetsa Blu-ray le HD-DVD ka lehlakoreng la molumo, tem 1.3 e sebelisa bokhoni ba ho amohela Dolby Digital Plus , Dolby TrueHD , le DTS-HD .
- Senyesemane sa Lip Lip: Ho eketsa molomo oa molomo oa molomo o lekaneng ho lefella liphello tsa nako ea ho bapala ea audio le video pakeng tsa lipapali tsa video le likaroloana tsa video / tsa audio.
- Mohokahanyi oa Mini: Tšenolo ea mochine o mocha oa motlakase ho fumana mechine e mengata ea mohloli oa lik'hamera, tse kang likhamera tsa digital le lik'hamera.
HDMI 1.3a e kentse li-tweaks tse nyenyane ho latela 1.3 'me li hlahisoa ka November 2006.
HDMI 1.2
E hlahisoa ka August 2005, HDMI 1.2 e kenyelletsa bokhoni ba ho fetisa melaetsa ea litsebe tsa SACD ka foromo ea digital ho tloha papali e lumellanang ho ea amohelang.
HDMI 1.1
E hlahisoa ka May 2004, HDMI 1.1 e fana ka bokhoni ba ho fetisetsa libaesekopo le mechine e 'meli ka mohala o le mong, empa hape e kentse bokhoni ba ho fetisetsa lipontšo tsa potoloho tsa Dolby Digital , DTS , le li- 7.1 ea audio ea PCM .
HDMI 1.0
E hlahisoa ka December 2002, HDMI 1.0 e qalile ka ho tšehetsa bokhoni ba ho fetisetsa pontšo ea video ea digital (standard kapa phahameng-definition) ka pontšo ea molumo oa litsela tse peli ka mohala o le mong, joalo ka pakeng tsa DVD le thelevishene e nang le HDMI le TV kapa video projector.
Cables HDMI
Ha u reka thepa ea HDMI , ho na le lihlopha tse supileng tsa lihlahisoa tse fumanehang:
- Tekanyetso ea HDMI
- Mokhoa oa HDMI o nang le Ethernet
- Motlakase oa Motlakase oa HDMI
- Lebelo le phahameng la HDMI
- HDMI High Speed le Ethernet
- Premium HDMI High Speed le Ethernet
- Ultra Premium HDMI Speed Speed (e hlahisitsoeng bakeng sa likopo tse 8K)
Bakeng sa lintlha tse mabapi le sehlopha ka seng, lebisa ho Leqephe la "Finding The Right Cable" leqepheng la HDMI.org.
Liphutheloana tse ling, ka bohlale ba moetsi, li ka ba le litlhaloso tse eketsehileng tsa litefiso tsa ho fetisetsa data (10Gbps kapa 18Gbps), HDR, le / kapa bophara bo bongata ba lipapali tsa papali.
The Bottom Line
HDMI ke boemo bo sa tloaelehang ba mecha ea mohala / video e tsoelang pele e nchafatsoa ho kopana le lihlahisoa tsa video le li-audio tse tsoelang pele.
Haeba u na le likarolo tse kholo tsa HDMI, u ke ke ua khona ho fumana likarolo tse tsoang liphetolelong tse latelang, empa u ntse u ka khona ho sebelisa likarolo tsa hau tsa khale tsa HDMI ka likarolo tse ncha, u ke ke ua ba le phihlelo ea ho sa tsoa eketsoa likarolo (ho itšetlehile ka seo moetsi a se kenyelletsang ho sehlahisoa se itseng).
Ka mantsoe a mang, u se ke ua phahamisa matsoho moeeng ka tsieleho, oela ka bohale ba ho nyahama, kapa qala ho rekisa thepa ea garage e le hore u tlose thepa ea hau ea khale ea HDMI - haeba likarolo tsa hau li tsoela pele ho sebetsa kamoo u batlang kateng le bona, o hantle - khetho ea ho ntlafatsa ke uena.
HDMI e boetse e tsamaisana le DVI ea khale e kopanyang sebopeho ka se-adapter ea ho kopanya. Leha ho le joalo, hopola hore DVI feela e fetisetsa lipontšo tsa video, haeba u hloka molumo, u tla lokela ho etsa hore ho be le puisano e eketsehileng eo morero.
Le hoja HDMI e tsamaile ka tsela e telele ho tiisa phallo ea molumo le livideo le ho fokotsa khanya ea motlakase, e na le meeli ea eona le lintlha tsa eona, tse ntseng li hlahlojoa lihloohong tse ling tsa rona: