Ho na le litsamaiso tse makholo tse fapaneng tsa marang-rang tse entsoeng ho tšehetsa puisano pakeng tsa lik'homphieutha le mefuta e meng ea lisebelisoa tsa elektronike. Seo ho thoeng ke mekhoa ea ho tsamaisa mekhoa ea methapo ke lelapa la mekhoa ea marang-rang e lumellang li-routers hore li buisane le hore li ka fetisetsa sephethephethe pakeng tsa marang-rang a bona. Melao-motheo e hlalositsoeng ka tlaase e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e nolofalletsa mosebetsi ona o boima oa li-routers le metsoalle ea inthanete.
Mokhoa oa ho tsamaisa li-protocols o sebetsa joang
Tsamaiso e 'ngoe le e'
- ho sibolloa - khetholla li-routers tse ling marang-rang
- tsamaiso ea litsela - boloka libaka tsohle tse ka khonehang (bakeng sa melaetsa ea marang-rang) hammoho le boitsebiso bo bong bo hlalosang tsela ea e mong le e mong
- tsela ea boikemisetso - etsa liqeto tse matla mabapi le hore na u romelle molaetsa ka mong hokae
Melao e seng mekae ea litsela (e bitsoang li-protocol ea boemo ba leholimo ) e nolofalletsa router ho haha le ho shebella 'mapa o feletseng oa lihlopha tsohle tsa marang-rang sebakeng seo ha tse ling (tse bitsoang li-protocol) li lumella li-routers hore li sebetse ka boitsebiso bo fokolang ka sebaka sa marang-rang.
01 ea 05
ROBALA KA KHOTSO
Bafuputsi ba ile ba theha Routing Information Protocol lilemong tsa bo-1980 ho sebelisoa marang-rang a ka hare kapa a mahareng a marang-rang a amanang le Inthanete ea pele. RIP e khona ho tsamaisa melaetsa ho marang-rang ho isa ho tse 15 holimo .
Basebelisi ba ruileng ba RIP ba fumana marang-rang ka ho qala ho romela molaetsa o kōpa litafole tsa router ho lisebelisoa tsa boahelani. Li-router tsa moahelani li matha RIP ho arabela ka ho romela litafole tse feletseng tsa ho tsamaisa melaetsa ho ea mo kōpang, moo moemeli a latelang algorithm ho kopanya litlhahiso tsena kaofela tafoleng ea eona. Nakong ea nako e lokiselitsoeng, baeti ba RIP ka linako tse ling ba romela litafole tsa bona ho baahelani ba bona e le hore liphetoho leha e le life li ka phatlalatsoa ka marang-rang.
RIP ea setso e tšehetsa marang-rang a IPv4 feela empa maemo a macha a RIPng a boetse a tšehetsa IPv6 . RIP e sebelisa lipalangoang tsa UDP 520 kapa 521 (RIPng) bakeng sa puisano ea eona.
02 ea 05
OSPF
Bula Tsela e Mokhutšoanyane Pele ho ile ha bōptjoa ho hlōla mefokolo ea eona ea RIP ho kenyeletsa
- thibelo ea likhaka tse 15
- ho se khone ho hlophisa marang-rang hore e be bolaoli ba tsamaiso, e leng habohlokoa bakeng sa ho laola le ho sebetsana le marang-rang a maholo a hare
- li-spikes tsa marang-rang a marang-rang a hlahisoang ke ho boela a romela litafole tse feletseng tsa router nakong e sa lekanyetsoang.
Joalokaha lebitso lena le bontša, OSPF ke mokhoa o bulehileng oa sechaba le o amohelehang hohle ho bahoebi ba bangata ba indasteri. Li-routers tse nolofalitsoeng ke OSPF li fumana marang-rang ka ho romela melaetsa ea boitsebiso ho e mong e latellanang le melaetsa e tsamaisang lisebelisoa tse itseng tsa ho tsamaisa ho e-na le litebelisoa tsohle tsa ho tsamaisa. Ke oona feela sebaka se amanang le naha se tsamaisoang sechabeng sena.
03 ea 05
EIGRP le IGRP
Cisco e ile ea ntlafatsa Inthaneteng ea Gateway Routing Protocol e le mofuta o mong hape oa RIP. Newer Enhanced IGRP (EIGRP) e entse hore IGRP e se e sa sebetse ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1990. EIGRP e tšehetsa li- subnets tsa IP tse sa tloaelehang ebile e ntlafatsa katleho ea mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea tsamaiso ho bapisoa le IGRP ea khale. Ha e tšehetse mahlakore a tloaelehileng, joaloka RIP. Qalong e bōpiloe e le protocol e nang le matlotlo e ka khonehang feela ho lisebelisoa tsa lelapa tsa Cisco. EIGRP e ne e entsoe ka merero ea ho nolofalloa habonolo le tshebetso e ntlafetseng ho feta OSPF.
04 ea 05
E-IS
Sesebelisoa se Akaretsang ho tsamaiso ea tsamaiso ea lipakeng se sebetsa ka tsela e tšoanang le ea OSPF. Le hoja OSPF e ile ea e-ba khetho e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa, IS-IS e ntse e sebelisoa haholo ke bafani ba litšebeletso ba ruileng molemo ho latela protocol e lumellanang le maemo a bona a khethehileng. Ho fapana le melaetsa e meng ea sehlopheng sena, IS-IS ha e fete ka Internet Protocol (IP) mme e sebelisa lenaneo la eona la ho bua.
05 ea 05
BGP le EGP
The Border Gateway Protocol ke Inthaneteng Standard External Gateway Protocol (EGP). BGP e lemoha liphetoho ho lihlopha tsa ho tsamaisa melaetsa 'me e bua ka liphetoho tse ling ho li-routers tse ling ho feta TCP / IP .
Bafani ba Inthanete ba atisa ho sebelisa BGP ho kopanya marang-rang a bona hammoho. Ho phaella moo, khoebo e khōloanyane ka nako e 'ngoe e boetse e sebelisa BGP ho kopanya hammoho ba bangata ba marang-rang a bona a ka hare. Litsebi li nka BGP e le phephetso e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea mekhoa eohle ea ho tsamaisa mekhoa ea ho itšireletsa ho ea ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona e rarahaneng.