NAT e kopanya liaterese tse ngata tsa IP ho aterese e le 'ngoe ea IP ea sechaba
Phetolelo ea aterese ea setsoalle e nolofalletsa liaterese tsa IP tsa sechaba ka ho tlatsa ts'ehetso ho marang-rang a ikhethang NAT ke theknoloji e tloaelehileng ea ho kopanya marang-rang-ho arolelana mananeong a k'homphieutha ea lehae, 'me ka linako tse ling e sebelisoa liketsong tsa ho boloka likarolo tsa server ho marang-rang a khoebo.
Kamoo NAT e Bolokileng Inthanete kateng
NAT e etselitsoe pele ho boloka sebaka sa aterese ea sechaba sa inthanete. Ha palo ea lik'homphieutha tse kenang Inthaneteng e phatloha lilemong tsa bo-1990, bafani ba inthanete ba ile ba tlosa kapele phepelo ea aterese ea IPv4 e fumanehang, le khaello ea ts'oaetso ea ho thibela ka ho feletseng kgolo. NAT e bile mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa ho boloka aterese ea IPv4.
Seo ho thoeng ke NAT ea motheo e etsa mapoto a le mong ho e 'ngoe pakeng tsa lihlopha tse peli tsa liaterese tsa IP, empa ho eona e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa, NAT e sebetsa mapateng a mangata ho a mangata. NAT ka marang-rang a marang-rang a lebisa tlhokomelo ho li-IP tsa li-device tsa lisebelisoa tsohle ho aterese e le ngoe ea IP ea sechaba Sena se lumella lik'homphieutha mohareng oa sebaka seo ho arolelana khokahano e le 'ngoe e senyehang.
Kamoo NAT e Sebelisang Kateng
NAT e sebetsa ka ho hlahloba se boleloang ke melaetsa ea IP e kenang le e hlahang. Ha ho hlokahala, e fetola aterese ea mohloli kapa ea ho etela hloohong ea protocol ea IP le li-checksums tse amehang ho bonts'a 'mapa oa aterese o hlophisitsoeng. NAT e tšehetsa mappings a tsitsitseng kapa a matla a 'ngoe kapa tse ling tse ngata tsa ka hare le tse ka ntle tsa IP.
Mokhoa oa NAT o atisa ho fumanoa ho li-routers le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa menyako moeling oa marang-rang. NAT e ka boela ea sebelisoa ka ho feletseng ka software. Mohokahanyo oa Inthaneteng oa Microsoft, ka mohlala, o kenyelelitse tšehetso ea NAT ho tsamaiso ea Windows.
Ho phaella moo, NAT e lokiselitsoeng hantle e fokotsa ho fihlella ha lik'homphieutha tse kantle ho lichelete tsa mochine ka morao oa mocheso oa phetolelo. Inthaneteng RFC 1631 e na le lintlha tsa motheo tsa NAT.
Ho beha NAT ho Home Network
Li-routers tsa mahae tsa kajeno li nolofalletsa NAT ka ho se fele ha ho na mohato oa tsamaiso o hlokahalang.
Mekhoa e nang le matšeliso a papali ka nako e 'ngoe e hloka hore ho ntlafatsoe mananeo a lits'ebetsong tsa NAT ea router ho tšehetsa khokahanyo e nepahetseng le tšebeletso ea lipapali tsa marang-rang. Li-consoles tse kang Microsoft Xbox kapa Sony PlayStation li khetholla tlhophiso ea tsona ea NAT e le e 'ngoe ea mefuta e meraro:
- Ho bula NAT e bontša hore console e ka sebelisana ka tloaelo le lithaka tse ling mosebetsing oa lipapali.
- NAT e thata thibela console hore e kopane feela le lithaka tseo hape e leng tse tiileng.
- NAT e lekanyelitsoeng e lumella console hore e sebetsane le lithaka tse ling tsa Moderate kapa Open.
Basebelisi ba marang-rang ba lehae ba ka khona ho lumella Universal Plug le Play (UPnP) ho li-routers ho netefatsa tšehetso ea Open NAT.
Sebaka sa motlakase sa NAT ke eng?
NAT firewall ke lentsoe le sebelisetsoang ho hlalosa bokhoni ba NAT ho boloka lisebelisoa tse le 'ngoe kapa tse ling ka morao ho moeli oa phetolelo. Le hoja NAT e ne e sa reretsoe ho ba sethaleng sa mollo oa li-firewall , ke karolo ea tsela ea ts'ireletso ea kakaretso.
NAT Router ke eng?
Ka linako tse ling maeto a marang-rang a mahae a marang-rang a ne a bitsoa li-router NAT mathoasong a bohareng le bohareng ba bo-2000 ha NAT e qala ho hlaha lihlahisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa bareki.
Meeli ea NAT
Hangata NAT e sebelisoa marang-rang a IPv6 hobane sebaka se seholo sa aterese se fumanehang se etsa hore tlhokomelo ea aterese e se ke ea hlokahala.