Mechine e ntle e lumella hore u etsise lisebelisoa tse eketsehileng tsa ho sebetsa ka har'a fensetere ea bona ka bomong, ho tloha khomphuteng ea hau e teng. Botle ba software ea VM ke hore o ka matha mohlala oa Windows ho MacOS kapa ka tsela e fapaneng, hammoho le mefuta e meng e sa tšoaneng ea OS e akarelletsang Chrome OS, Linux, Solaris le ho feta.
Ha u sebelisa software ea VM e thehiloeng kopo, e tsejoang hape e le hypervisor, tsamaiso ea khomphuta ea hau e atisa ho bitsoa moemeli. Lenaneo la bobeli la tsamaiso le sebetsanang le sebopeho sa VM hangata le bitsoa moeti.
Le hoja moeti e mong ea sebetsang ho sebetsa joaloka Windows a hloka ho reka senotlolo se seng sa tumello, tse ling li fumaneha ntle ho tefo. Sena se kenyeletsa boholo ba liphallelo tsa Linux hammoho le macOS, ho nka hore o ntse o matha ka hardware ea Mac ho tloha ka 2009 kapa hamorao.
Hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore ka linako tse ling ho khoneha ho sebelisa MacOS mochine o sebetsang ka ho sa sebetsane le Mac, joaloka Windows PC, ka mekhoa e mengata ea software e thathamisitsoeng ka tlase ho akarelletsa le Oracle's VirtualBox. Leha ho le joalo, macOS e reretsoe hore e sebetsane le Apple hardware mme ho etsa joalo ho ka 'na ha se ke ha e-ba tlōlo ea tumellano ea tumello ea macOS empa phihlelo ea mosebedisi e atisa ho tsamaea butle, butle le ho sa tsejoe hantle.
Ka tlaase ke tse ling tsa tharollo ea mechine e sebetsang hantle, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e fana ka lisebelisoa tsa tsona tse ikhethang le litekanyetso tse sebetsang.
01 ea 06
VMware Workstation
Ka lilemo tse ka bang mashome a mabeli ho 'marakeng, VMware Workstation e atisa ho shebahala ha indasteri e lekanyelitsoe ha ho tluoa tabeng ea mekhoa ea mechine ea mefuta-futa - ka mesebetsi ea eona e matla e koahelang litlhoko tse kholo tsa litlhoko tsa boleng.
VMware Workstation e lumella di-solution tse tsoetseng pele tsa 3D ka ho tšehetsa DirectX 10 le OpenGL 3.3, ho tlosa litšenyehelo tsa setšoantšo le video li-VM tsa hau esita le ha u sebelisa li-applications tse matla-litšoantšo. Software e lumella mochine o hlakileng ho bula litekanyetso, ho fana ka bokhoni ba ho hlahisa li-VM le ho li sebelisa ho tsoa ho barekisi ba khamphani ka har'a sehlahisoa sa VMware.
Litsela tsa eona tse tsoetseng pele tsa lisebelisoa tsa thepa li fana ka matla a ho theha le ho fana ka marang-rang a mangata a li-VM, ha litlhaloso tse feletseng tsa data li ka etsoa le ho sebelisoa ha VMware e kopantsoe le lisebelisoa tsa boraro-e leng ho hlahisang khoebo eohle DC .
Liphetoho tsa VMware li u lumella hore u behe lintlha tse fapaneng tsa tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo bakeng sa teko, 'me tsamaiso ea eona ea ho etsa li-cloning e etsa hore ho be le mehlala e mengata ea VM e tšoanang le moea - e leng se u lumellang ho khetha pakeng tsa likarolo tse fapaneng tse ikhethang kapa li-clone tse amanang le tsona tse itšetlehileng ka sekheo sa pele. boholo ba sebaka sa koloi e thata.
Sephutheloana se boetse se kenyelletsa ho se tsitsitseng le vSphere, sethaleng sa cloud-based VMware, e leng se etsang hore ho be bonolo ho tsamaisa li-VM tsohle setsing sa data sa k'hamphani ho tloha mochine oa hau.
Ho na le liphetolelo tse peli tsa kopo, Workstation Player, le Workstation Pro, eo pele e fumanehang mahala.
Player o u lumella hore u bōpe li-VM tse ncha mme u tšehetsa litsamaiso tse fetang 200 tsa baeti ba sebetsang. E boetse e lumella ho arolelana faele pakeng tsa moeti le moeti 'me o fana ka melemo eohle ea litšoantšo tse boletsoeng ka holimo, hammoho le ts'ehetso ea lipontšo tse 4K .
Moo bolokolohi bo sa lefelloeng bo fokotseha, haholo-holo, ke tabeng ea tshebetso e tsoetseng pele ea VMware e kang ho sebelisa VM e fetang e le 'ngoe le ho fumana bokhoni bo bongata bo boletsoeng ka holimo bo kang kloning, litlhaloso le marang-rang a rarahaneng.
Bakeng sa likarolo tsena, hammoho le ho bopa le ho laola mechine e kentsoeng ka sekhukhu, u tla lokela ho reka VMware Workstation Pro. Sebapali sa mosebetsi se boetse se thibetsoe ho sebelisoa khoebong, kahoo likhoebo tse batlang ho sebelisa software ea Workstation li lebeletsoe ho reka li-license tse le mong kapa tse ling haeba li rerile ho sebelisa kopo ho feta nako ea teko.
Ho ntlafatsa ho tloha ho Player ho ea Pro le tšehetso e tlaase ka ho fetisisa e kenyelletsweng ho tla u lefella $ 99.99, le liphutheloana tse ling tse fumanehang ho ba rekang li-license tse leshome kapa ho feta.
E lumellana le lipapali tse latelang tse amohelehang:
- Boholo ba li-distributions tse 64-bit Linux
- Windows 7 le holimo (64-bit feela)
- Windows Server 2008 R2 le holimo
02 ea 06
VMware Fusion
Ho tlisetsoa ho uena ke batho ba tšoanang ba entseng VMware Workstation bakeng sa Linux le Windows, Fusion ports seo e leng sona phihlelo e tšoanang le eo Workstation e fanang ka eona sethaleng sa Mac.
Ha e fapane le VMware Workstation, software ea motheo ea software ke mahala mme e reretsoe ho sebelisoa ha motho feela ha Fusion Pro e ka rekoa ka merero ea khoebo kapa batho ba batlang ho fihlella lihlahisoa tsa boemo bo tsoetseng pele.
E na le likarolo tse itseng tsa Mac, tse kang tšehetso ea li-display tsa 5K iMac hammoho le li- configina tse tsoakaneng le tse se nang retina. Fusion e boetse e kenyelletsa Unity Mode, e pata sebopeho sa desktop ea Windows le ho u lumella ho qala le ho sebelisa Windows likarolo ho tloha Dock ea hau joalokaha eka e tsoaletsoe MacOS.
Liphetolelo tse sa lefelloeng le tse lefshoang tsa Fusion li boetse li fana ka khetho ea ho sebelisa Windows ho tloha karolong ea Boot Camp ea hao e le moeti oa VM mohlala, ho felisa tlhokahalo ea ho tsosolosa ha u batla ho fetola morao.
E lumellana le lipapali tse latelang tse amohelehang:
- macOS / OS X 10.9 le holimo
03 ea 06
Oracle VM VirtualBox
Ea pele e lokolloa ka 2007, hypervisor ena e bulehileng e fumaneha bakeng sa tšebeliso ea lehae le ea khoebo ntle ho tefo tlas'a letšoao la GPLv2.
VirtualBox e tšehetsa mefuta e mengata ea mechine e sebetsang ea baeti, lethathamo le nang le liphetolelo tsohle tsa Windows tse tloha XP ho ea ho 10 hammoho le Windows NT le Server 2003. E le lumella ho matha VMs le Linux 2.4 le holimo, Solaris le OpenSolaris ho phaella ho OpenBSD. U bile u fuoa khetho ea ho khutlela morao le ho tsamaea OS / 2 kapa DOS / Windows 3.1, ebang ke bakeng sa merero ea mongoli kapa ho bapala tse ling tsa litakatso tsa hau tsa khale joaloka Naha kapa Letamo la Radiance libakeng tsa habo bona.
U ka boela ua matha macOS ka VM ho sebelisa VirtualBox, le hoja sena se tla sebetsa feela haeba lenaneo la hau la ho sebetsa le lona le le Mac. Sena se itšetlehile haholo ka hore Apple ha e lumelle hore tsamaiso ea bona ea ts'ebetso e sebetse holim'a thepa e seng ea Apple. Ena ke boemo bo kenyelletsoang macOS installation, hape e sebetsa ha o sebetsana le OS ka har'a sesebelisoa sa VM.
VirtualBox e tšehetsa bokhoni ba ho matha lifensetere tse ngata tsa baeti ka nako e le 'ngoe hape e fana ka boemo ba ho khoneha moo VM e bōpiloeng ho motho a le mong ho ka fetisetsoa habonolo ho e mong e ka ba le tsamaiso e fapaneng ea ho sebetsa.
E atisa ho sebetsa hantle ho hardware e tsoetseng pele, e hlokomela lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa USB le ho fana ka laebrari ea bohlokoa ea Guest Guest Additions e fumanehang mahala le e bonolo ho kenya. Lintho tsena tse kenyelletsitsoeng li akarelletsa bokhoni ba ho fetisa lifaele le li-contentboard pakeng tsa lits'ebeletso tsa baeti le baeti, tsamaiso ea 3D le boitsebiso bo bong bo eketsehileng ba video ho fokotsa mathata a mangata a tloaelehileng ka lipapiso tsa VM.
Sebaka sa marang-rang sa sehlahisoa se fana ka lithuto tse 'maloa tse hlakileng le tse bonolo ho li sebelisa hammoho le seteishene sa mechine e kileng ea hahoa pele, e entsoeng ka tloaelo ho finyella litlhoko tse itseng tsa nts'etsopele.
Ho khahloa ke sechaba se tsoelang pele se ntseng se atolosa se hlahisang lihlahisoa tse ncha ka nako e tloaelehileng le seboka se sebetsang sa mosebetsing se nang le litho tse ka bang 100 000 tse ngolisitsoeng, tlaleho ea lipina tsa VirtualBox kaofela empa e tiisa hore e tla tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa le ho sebetsa e le tharollo ea nako e telele ea VM.
E lumellana le lipapali tse latelang tse amohelehang:
- Boholo ba li-distributions tsa Linux
- macOS / OS X 10.9 le holimo
- Solaris 10 (U10 +) le ka holimo
- Windows Vista SP1 +, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10
04 ea 06
Ho tšoana le Desktop
Motsoalle oa nako e telele oa litakatso tsa Mac tseo ka linako tse ling li hlokang ho matha Windows, ho tšoana ho fana ka bokhoni ba ho tsitsa likarolo tsa Windows le Mac ka lehlakoreng le leng.
E itšetlehile ka tšebeliso ea hau e ka sehloohong ea Windows, ebang ke moqapi, ntshetsopele, papali ea lipapali, kapa ntho e 'ngoe, Parallels e ntlafatsa tsamaiso le lisebelisoa tsa thepa bakeng sa phihlelo ea Windows eo hangata e ikutloang eka u le PC ea sebele.
Ho tšoana ho fana ka likarolo tse ngata tseo u ka li lebellang ho sehlahisoa sa VM se lefshoang, hammoho le tse ling tse khethehileng ho Mac tse kang ho khona ho bula liwebsaete ho IE kapa Edge ka ho toba ho Safari ea hau ea marang-rang le Windows e fana ka litlhokomeliso ho bonts'a Mac Notification Center . Lifaele li ka hulisoa ka potlako pakeng tsa lisebelisoa tse peli tsa ho sebetsa, hammoho le lintho tsohle tsa li-clipboard. E boetse e kenyelelitsoe le Parallels e nehetsoe sebaka sa polokelo ea leru e ka arolelanoang macOS le Windows.
Maikutlo a tloaelehileng a fosahetseng ka ho tšoana ke hore a ka sebelisoa feela bakeng sa Windows ho VM ea moeti, ha e le hantle e lumella hore u mathe Chrome OS, Linux esita le lekhetlo la bobeli la macOS.
Ho na le liphetolelo tse tharo tse fapaneng tsa Parallels tse fumanehang, e mong le e mong o loketse bamameli ba itseng. Khatiso ea motheo e lebisa tlhokomelo ho ba tlohang PC ho Mac ka lekhetlo la pele, hammoho le mosebedisi oa letsatsi le letsatsi o nang le tlhoko ea ho sebelisa mekhoa ea Windows kamehla. E na le sesebelisoa sa lithulusi hammoho le 8GB ea VRAM le li-vCPU tse 4 bakeng sa VM e mong le e mong oa baeti 'me e hloka tefo ea nako e le' ngoe ea $ 79.99.
Pro Edition, e ikemetseng ho baetsi ba li-software, bahloli le ba bang ba sebelisang matla a matla, e kopanyelletsa le Microsoft Visual Studio ho phaella ho tse ling tse tsebahalang tsa dev le tsa QA tse kang Jenkins. Imeile ea nako le nako le tšehetso ea fono e fanoa, hammoho le lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa thelevishene le bokhoni ba ho sebelisa lits'ebeletso tsa maru. Ka 64GB VRAM le vCPU tse 16 tse kholo tsa VM, Parallels Desktop Pro Edition e fumaneha ka $ 99.99 ka selemo.
Qetellong empa ka sebele ke bonyane ke Business Edition, e kenyeletsang tsohle tse ka holimo hammoho le lisebelisoa tsa tsamaiso le tsamaiso ea boholo-holo le senotlolo sa lengolo la tumello ea tumello e lumellang hore u tsoele pele le ho laola liketsahalo tse tšoanang le tsona ho mafapha le mekhatlo eohle. Chelete ea kakaretso ea Parallels Desktop Business Edition e itšetlehile ka palo ea litulo tsa setulo tseo u li hlokang.
E lumellana le lipapali tse latelang tse amohelehang:
- macOS / OS X 10.10 le holimo
05 ea 06
QEMU
Hangata QEMU ke mochine oa boikhethelo bakeng sa basebelisi ba Linux, ka theko ea eona ea litekanyetso tsa theko ea li-dollar le thepa e bonolo ea ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa boitsebiso. Emulator e bulehileng e hlahisa mofuta o tsotehang oa lihlahisoa tsa hardware, o sebelisa phetolelo e matla bakeng sa tshebetso e ntle.
Mechine e tsitsitseng ea KVM ha e sebelisa QEMU e le setsebi sa boleng bo botle e ka fella ka tshebetso ea basebelisi ba sekolo se nepahetseng, ho etsa hore u se ke ua lebala hore u sebelisa VM.
Ho na le litokelo tsa tsamaiso feela litabeng tse itseng le QEMU, tse kang ha u hloka ho fumana lisebelisoa tsa hau tsa USB ho tloha ho VM ea moeti. Sena se batla se lekana le mofuta ona oa sesebelisoa, ho phaella ka tsela eo u ka e sebelisang ka eona.
Ho hahoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa QEMU ho boetse ho bōpiloe MacOS le Windows, le hoja bongata ba basebelisi ba eona ba tloaetse ho ba le lihlopha tsa Linux e le moemeli oa tsona.
E lumellana le lipapali tse latelang tse amohelehang:
- Boholo ba li-distributions tsa Linux
- MacOS (OS X 10.7 kapa ka hodimo) ka Homebrew mookameli oa phapanyetsano
- 32-bit Windows le 64-bit Windows
06 ea 06
Lisebelisoa tsa Cloud-Based Virtual Machines
Ho fihlela joale re buile ka melemo le boiketlo ba mechine e ikemetseng ea mechine ea hypervisors ho pholletsa le lipapali tse ngata. Joaloka mefuta e mengata ea theknoloji, lik'hamphani tse ngata tse tsejoang tse kang Amazon, Google le Microsoft li nkile mohopolo oa li-VM le liketsahalo tsa likotlolo ho leru, li u lumella hore u fumane mechine e fumanehang ka thōko ho mechini ea mofani.
Ba bang ba hlile ba lefa ka motsotso, ba u lumella ho lefa feela nako eo u e hlokang, ha ba bang ba lumella marang-rang a feletseng hore a hlophisoe, a bōptjoe a be a hlophisoe ka li-server tse thehiloeng marung.