Likhomphuteng tsa k'homphieutha, mokokotlo ke mokokotlo o ka sehloohong o etselitsoeng ho fetisetsa marang-rang a sephethephethe ka lebelo le phahameng. Li-backbone li ama marang-rang a libaka tsa libaka (LANs) le marang-rang a libaka tse kholo (WANs) hammoho. Litšebeliso tsa morao-rao li etselitsoe ho eketsa ho tšepahala le ts'ebetsong ea lits'ebetso tse kholo, tse telele tsa puisano. Lisebelisoa tse tsebahalang haholo tsa li-backbase ke tsa tse sebelisoang Inthaneteng.
Internet Backbone Technology
Hoo e ka bang li-websaete tsohle, ho phalla ha video, le sephethephethe se seng se tloaelehileng sa inthanete li phalla ka morao-rao ho Internet. Li na le li -routers le li-switches tse tsamaisoang haholo-holo ka likhoele tsa fiber optic (le hoja lihlopha tse ling tsa Ethernet li-link tse tlase tsa sephethephethe li le teng hape). Sesebelisoa se seng le se seng sa fiber ka mokokotlo se fana ka 100 Gbps ea bandwidth . Lik'homphieutha hangata lia amahanngoa le mokokotlo ka ho toba. Ho e-na le hoo, marang-rang a bafani ba litšebeletso tsa Inthanete kapa mekhatlo e meholo e ikopanya le li-backbase tsena le lik'homphieutha li fihlella ka morao ka tsela e sa tobang.
Ka 1986, US National Science Foundation (NSF) e ile ea theha marang-rang a marang-rang bakeng sa Inthanete. Kopano ea pele ea NSFNET e fane feela ka 56 Kbps - ts'ebetso e hlakileng ka litekanyetso tsa kajeno - le hoja e ile ea ntlafatsoa kapele ho line ea 1.544 Mbps T1 le 45 Mbps T3 ka 1991. Mekhatlo e mengata ea lithuto le mekhatlo ea lipatlisiso e sebelisitse NSFNET,
Lilemong tsa bo-1990, khōlo e phatlohang ea Inthanete e ne e tšehetsoa haholo ke lik'hamphani tse ikemetseng tse neng li iketsetsa li-backbase tsa tsona. Inthaneteng qetellong e ile ea e-ba le marang-rang a li-backbase tse nyenyane tse tsamaisoang ke bafani ba litšebeletso tsa Inthanete tse kenang ka har'a naha e kholo ka ho fetisisa le ka hare ho eona e nang le lik'hamphani tse khōlō tsa thelefono.
Backbones le Link Aggregation
Tsela e 'ngoe bakeng sa ho laola boholo bo phahameng ba sephethephethe se tsamaeang ka methapo ea backbone e bitsoa link aggregation kapa trunking. Khokahano ea aggregation e kenyeletsa tšebeliso e sebelisitsoeng ea likarolo tse ngata tsa 'mele ka li-routers kapa li-switches bakeng sa ho fana ka mocha o le mong oa boitsebiso. Ka mohlala, mefuta e mene e tloaelehileng ea 100 Gbps e hokahaneng e neng e tloaelehile ho tšehetsa melaetsa e fapaneng ea data e ka bokelloa hammoho ho fana ka sehlahisoa se le seng sa 400 Gbps. Baokameli ba marang-rang ba lokisa thepa ea thepa ho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lipheletsong tsa ho hokahanya ho tšehetsa trunking ena.
Litaba tse nang le Network Backbones
Ka lebaka la karolo ea bona e ka sehloohong Inthaneteng le lits'ebetsong tsa machaba, lisebelisoa tsa morao-rao ke sepheo se ka sehloohong sa litlhaselo tse kotsi. Bafani ba atisa ho boloka libaka le lintlha tse ling tsa theknoloji tsa li-backbase tsa bona ka sephiri ka lebaka lena. Phuputso e 'ngoe ea univesithing ea backbone e sebelisoang United States, ka mohlala, e hloka lilemo tse' nè tsa lipatlisiso 'me e ntse e sa phethoa.
Ka nako e 'ngoe mebuso ea naha e boloka matla a ho laola marang-rang a naha ea naha ea bona' me e ka thibela kapa ho koala ka ho feletseng Inthaneteng baahi ba eona. Likamano pakeng tsa mekhatlo e meholo le litumellano tsa bona tsa ho arolelana marang-rang le tsona li atisa ho rarahane ka khoebo. Khopolo ea ho se jele paate ha eona e itšetlehile ka beng ba eona le bahlokomeli ba methapo ea marang-rang ho boloka melao ea naha le ea machaba le boitšoaro ba khoebo.