Tafole ea router (eo hape e bitsoang tharollo ea mokhoa oa ho tsamaisa) e bolokoa boitsebiso bo sebelisoang ke li-routers tsa TCP / IP ho bala hore na melaetsa ea melaetsa eo ba ikarabellang ho eona ke efe. Tafole ea router ke lenaneo le lenyenyane la mohopolo-hlooho le tsamaisoang ke hardware e hahiloeng ka har'a router le software.
Router Table Entries le boholo
Mathala a router a na le lenane la liaterese tsa IP . Aterese ka 'ngoe lethathamong le khetholla router e hōle (kapa lisebelisoa tse ling tsa marang-rang ) eo router ea sebaka e lokiselitsoeng ho e hlokomela.
Bakeng sa aterese e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea IP, tafoleng ea router e boloka letšoao la marang-rang le lintlha tse ling tse hlalosang libaka tsa aterese tsa IP tseo mochine o hōle o tla li amohela.
Li-router tsa marang-rang tsa lehae li sebelisa tafoleng e nyane haholo ea li-router hobane li fetisetsa sephethephethe kaofela ho seteishene sa " Service Provider (ISP)" se hlokomelang mehato eohle ea ho tsamaisa. Tsela ea router ea lapeng e na le litlhaloso tse leshome kapa tse seng kae. Ha ho bapisoa, li-router tse kholo ka ho fetisisa mokokotlong oa marang - rang oa Inthanete li tlameha ho boloka tafole e feletseng ea marang-rang ea Inthanete e nang le litlhaloso tse makholo a likete. (Sheba Tlaleho ea CIDR bakeng sa lipalo-palo tsa morao-rao tsa Inthanete.)
Tsela e matla khahlanong le ho tsamaea ha Static
Li-routers tsa mahae li theha litafole tsa tsona tsa ho itlhophisa habonolo ha li hokahane ho mofani oa Inthanete, e leng mokhoa o bitsoang ho nchafatsa matla . Ba etsa hore ho be le e 'ngoe ea li-server tsa DNS bakeng sa mofani oa litšebeletso (tse ka sehloohong, tsa bobeli le tse phahameng haeba li le teng) le ho kena ka lekhetlo le le leng ho tsamaisa mechine ea lehae.
Ba ka boela ba hlahisa litsela tse seng kae tse eketsehileng bakeng sa linyeoe tse ling tse ikhethang tse kenyelletsang mekhoa e mengata le e phatlalatsoang .
Li-routers tse ling tsa mahae a bolulo li u thibela ho tsoa ka letsoho kapa ho fetola tafoleng ea router. Leha ho le joalo, batsamaisi ba khoebo ba lumella balaoli ba marang-rang hore ba ntlafatse ka letsoho kapa ba sebelise litafole tsa litsela.
Sena se bitsoa ho tsitsisa ho tsitsitseng ho ka ba molemo ha o ntlafatsa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea marang-rang le ho tšepahala. Ka marang-rang a lehae, ha ho hlokahale hore ho sebelisoe litsela tse tsitsitseng haese maemo a sa tloaelehang (a kang ha ho hlongoa subnetworks tse ngata le router ea bobeli).
Ho sheba Lihlooho tsa Tables ea Tsela
Litebeleng tsa marang-rang a mahae a mahae a marang-rang , likaroloana tsa litafole tsa litsela li atisa ho bontšoa skrineng ka hare ho konopo ea tsamaiso Mohlala oa tafole ea IPv4 e bontšoa ka tlase.
| Etela LAN IP | Subnet Mask | Seterata | Sebopeho |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0.0.0 | 0.0.0.0 | xx.yyy.86.1 | WAN (Inthanete) |
| xx.yyy.86.1 | 255.255.255.255 | xx.yyy.86.1 | WAN (Inthanete) |
| xx.yyy.86.134 | 255.255.255.255 | xx.yy.86.134 | WAN (Inthanete) |
| 192.168.1.0 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.1.101 | LAN le Sesebelisoa |
Mohlala ona, litlhaloso tse peli tsa pele li emela litsela ho aterese ea heke ea Inthaneteng ('xx' le 'yyy' e emela maiketsetso a sebele a IP a patiloeng molemong oa sehlooho sena). Lenane la boraro le emela tsela e eang ho sechaba sa router ea lehae se shebane le aterese ea IP e fanoeng ke mofani. Kakaretso ea ho qetela e emela tsela bakeng sa lik'homphieutha tsohle ka har'a marang-rang a lehae ho router ea lehae, moo router e nang le aterese ea IP 192.168.1.101.
Likhomphuteng tsa Windows le Unix / Linux, taelo ea netstat -r e boetse e bontsa se ka hare ho tafole ea router e lokiselitsoeng khomphuteng ea sebakeng seo.